Experiment Station Record, Volume 94, January-June, 1946 Page: 32
xi, 975 p. ; 24 cm.View a full description of this book.
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32 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD LVo1. 94
all sides but which by differences in character or quality produce diverse effects,
and (3) factors in the internal environment more immediately under genie control
and relatively independent of external influences.
Preservation of molds by the lyophil process, K. B. RAPER: and D. F. ALEXANDER.
(U. S. D. A.). (Mycologia, 37 (1945), No. 4, pp. 499-525, ilhts. 3).-The
authors report that all members studied of the genera Aspergillus and Penicilli"um
can be preserved in lyophil. or desiccated form. Such evacuated preparations-tested
at intervals up to 40 mo.-usually exhibited no reduction in viability, and resulting
cultures were entirely typical of the strains under observation. Representative
species of the Mucorales were successfully preserved, and for Rhizopus, Phycomyces,
and other genera there was evidence of a marked extension of viability. Attempts
to preserve members of the Entomophthorales were unsuccessful. Representatives
of the Hyphomycetes were viable when tested at about 20 mo. Molds preserved
in lyophil form appeared to retain their biochemical and' physiological characteristics
unaltered. Strains of A. terreus thus preserved produced undiminished yields
of itaconic acid after 40 mo., and strains of Penicillium notatum and P. chrysogenum
retained at original levels their capacity to produce penicillin. The lyophil technic
provides a convenient means of preserving a large number of replicate cultures
for use as "seed" material for standard cultures or for setting up a series of fermentations
over an extended period. Storage becomes a minor problem because
of the small dimensions of the preparations, and the possibility of contamination is
eliminated. There are 15 references.
The sugar tolerance of four strains of distillers' yeast, W. D. G.RAY (Jour.
Bact., 49 (1945), No. 5, pp. 445-452, ills. 2).-The ability to utilize glucose exhibited
by the four strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae studied was found to be
affected by its initial concentration in the medium to be fermented; these yeasts also
varied in their capacity to tolerate high concentrations of sugar. The results of
treating them with glucose solutions of different concentration indicated that the
inhibition at high glucose concentrations was due, at least in part, to osmotic
phenomena. It is suggested that a rough determination of the sugar tolerance of
a yeast can be made easily by use of the microscope and glucose solutions at
various strengths; for accurate determinations, however, the fermentation method
is recommended.
The synthesis of para-aminobenzoic acid by yeast, J. O. LAMPEN, H. L.
BALDWIN, and W. H. PETERSON. (Wis. Expt. Sta.). (Arch. Biochem., 7 (1945),
No. 2, pp. 277-286).-The p-aminobenzoic acid (PAB) contents of various yeast
samples were determined via Clostridium acetobutylicum and Acetobacter suboxydans,
assays by the two agreeing well. Most of the PAB in yeast was found to
occur free-in a soluble form available to the above bacteria. Destruction occurred
during acid hydrolysis. Autolysis failed to release any PAB, Autoclaving with
5 N NaOH gave slightly increased values over water extraction. PAB was synthesized
in large amounts during the growth of yeast, twenty- to eightyfold increases
occurring both under commercial conditions and on synthetic media. One to 6 mg.
of PAB were produced per liter; 80 percent or more of this was found in the
medium, with only a small percentage remaining in the yeast cells. There are 18
references.
Notes on Wisconsin parasitic fungi, VII, H. C. GREENE. (Univ. Wis.).
(Amer. MidlandaNlt., 34 (1945), No. 1, pp. 258-270).-Unless otherwise specified,
these miscellaneous notes are based on collections in Dane County in the vicinity
of Madison during 1944 (E. S. R., 92, p. 516).
A list of fleshy fungi of Fishers Island, N. Y., C. C. HANMER (Torreya, 45
(1945), No. 2, pp. 38-40).
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U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Administration. Office of Experiment Stations. Experiment Station Record, Volume 94, January-June, 1946, book, 1947; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5062/m1/43/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.