Experiment Station Record, Volume 95, July-December, 1946 Page: 53
xii, 1033 p. ; 24 cm.View a full description of this book.
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19461 HORTICULTURE 53
the increased leaf area may help explain the slightly lower drying ratio found frequently
with prunes from the unirrigated plots.
Ripening of the Italian prune as related to maturity and storage, F. GERHARDT
and H. ENGLISH. (U. S. D. A.). (Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. Proc., 46 (1945),
pp. 205-209, illus. 1).-The variation in maturity of Italian prunes from different
orchards and grown under different cultural conditions was great enough to preclude
the use of firmness, total acids, or soluble solids as reliable indexes of harvesting
maturity. Color of flesh together with the solids-acid ratio was the most satisfactory
guide to proper time to harvest. Fruits with flesh of a medium to dark
amber color and a solids-acid ratio of 13 to 15 were judged to be acceptable for
long distance shipment.
Immediate storage of prunes at 31 F. was followed by a low temperature injury
characterized by mealiness of the fruit and discoloration and breakdown of the
flesh, usually evident at about the time the fruit had attained its best dessert quality.
Partial ripening before storing at 31 or holding fruit at 40 to 45 prevented this
storage breakdown.
The Lamida, Ebony, and Spalding sweet cherries, L. VERNER (Idaho Sta. Cir.
109 (1946), pp. 4, illus. 1).-Descriptive information is presented on three new
cherries developed by the station from open-pollinated seed. The ovule parent is
thus known and the pollen parent unknown, although presumed to be nearby trees
of compatible varieties. The Lamida is said to resemble closely the Lambert cherry
and to be far superior to Lambert in resistance to fruit cracking. All three of
the new varieties are described as very good or better in quality. Spalding, because
of its exceptionally firm flesh, appears promising for long shipment.
The effect of varying the reaction of organic soil on the growth and production
of the domesticated blueberry, P. M. HARMER (Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc., 9 (1944),
pp. 133-141, illus. 6).-Variation of the soil reaction was accomplished in three
different ways: (1) By the use of mixtures of alkaline and very acid soil without
the introduction of any foreign material, (2) by addition of sulfur at different rates
to alkaline soil in greenhouse and to slightly acid soil in field, and (3) by addition
of ground limestone at different rates to soil so intensely acid that lime might be a
limiting factor on growth and production. Results showed satisfactory pH between
4.0 and 5.2, with optimum from 4.5 to 4.8. Sulfur proved very satisfactory in correcting
pH which was too high for satisfactory growth, but from a practical standpoint
its use is not advisable with soil pH above 6.5. With soil pH below 4.0, a
light application of ground limestone is likely to be beneficial. Reaction of soil
just below the plowed layer should be considered in applying sulfur or limestone.
Explanation for the unsatisfactory growth of blueberries in soil with high pH
may lie in the soil content of available calcium, magnesium, and possibly nitrate
and in the effect of the first two on availability of the soil's manganese and possibly
boron.
The cultivated blueberry industry in New Jersey, 1944, D. T. PITT (N. J.
Dept. Agr. Cir. 356 (1945), pp. 7-42, illus. 7).-The results of a survey made in
cooperation with the New Jersey Experiment Stations. For notes on insect pests,
see p. 84.
Surface and volume determinations of citrus fruits, F. M. TURREL, J. P.
CARLSON, and L. J. KLOTZ. (Calif. Citrus Expt. Sta.). (Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci
Proc., 46 (1945), pp. 159-165, illus. 3).-Surface and volume tables for oblate and
prolate spheroids and spheres were found of value in estimating surfaces and volumes
of citrus fruits such as Marsh grapefruit, Washington Navel orange, Valencia
orange, and Eureka lemon. The average percentages of difference between actual
measurements of the fruits and the values determined by surface and volume tables
ranged from 2.23 to 5.59 percent for surface area and 1.95 to 8.35 percent for
volume.
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U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Administration. Office of Experiment Stations. Experiment Station Record, Volume 95, July-December, 1946, book, 1948; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5061/m1/65/: accessed April 23, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.