Battle for the Punchbowl: The U. S. 1st Marine Division 1951 Fall Offensive of the Korean War Page: 294
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CHAPTER 12
FIRE SUPPORT COORDINATION
The Marine Corps method is to use all the fire support
means which are available, to make timely use of those
means, and to use them in adequate quantity in order to
produce the necessary shock effect. . . . The flexibility
inherent in the Marine Corps fire support coordination
techniques permits the attainment of maximum effectiveness
of supporting fires in any situation, a claim which has been
fully born out by Marine operations in KOREA [through
January 1951].
--S. L. A. Marshall
Further discussion of the Marine system of CAS in the fighting for the Punchbowl,
and the control system in Korea in general, must include another crucial and
fundamental portion of Marine doctrine: Fire Support Coordination.
Fire Support Coordination simply refers to the coordination (and integration with
the fire and movement of infantry) of all available supporting arms in support of an
attack or defense of an objective. The Marine Corps officially defined "Fire Support" as,
"Any bombardment in support of ground troops, the term 'bombardments' being
synonymous whether they be delivered by air, artillery or naval gunfire."1
Marine doctrine did not call for the use of all supporting arms for every mission.
The Navy/Marine doctrine for use of supporting arms stated that, "a commander
generally considers the three principal supporting arms in the following order: artillery,
naval gunfire, and air." And the idea that many in the AF had, that Marines believed in
using air frequently as a substitute for artillery, was even more erroneous because
United States Navy and United States Marine Corps, PHIB-1, Amphibious Operations Definitions and
Terminology, (Quantico, VA: Marine Corps Schools, 1946): 1.294
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Montandon, Joshua W. Battle for the Punchbowl: The U. S. 1st Marine Division 1951 Fall Offensive of the Korean War, thesis, August 2007; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3938/m1/309/?rotate=270: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .