CMOS Active Pixel Sensors for Digital Cameras: Current State-of-the-Art Page: iv
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................. iii
L IS T O F T A B L E S ......................................................................................................................... vi
L IST O F F IG U R E S ...................................................................................................................... vii
Chapter
1. IN T R O D U C T IO N ................................................................................................. 1
1.1 D igital C am eras ........................................................................................... 1
1.2 CMOS Image Sensors.................................................................................5
1.3 T hesis O utline .............................................................................................6
2. REVIEW OF PHOTODIODES AND IMAGE SENSORS.....................................8
2.1 Photodetectors.............................................................................................8
2.2 B asic A pplications ......................................................................................8
2.3 Charge Coupled Devices...........................................................................10
2.3.1 Working of CCD Devices.............................................................11
2.3.2 Development of CCDs..................................................................13
2.4 Photodiode ................................................................................................ 14
2.4.1 Operation of Photodiode...............................................................15
2.4.2 Photodiode Model.........................................................................15
2.5 CMOS Image Sensors...............................................................................16
2.5.1 Passive Pixel Sensors....................................................................18
2.5.2 Active Pixel Sensors.....................................................................20
2.5.3 Differences of APS and CCD Sensors...........................................21
2.6 Sum m ary ...................................................................................................23
3. TYPES OF CMOS ACTIVE PIXEL SENSOR .................................................25
3.1 Photodiode Active Pixel Sensor............................25
3.2 Photogate Active Pixel Sensor.............................26
3.3 Difference of Photogate APS and Photodiode APS ...............................28
3.4 Pinned Photodiode APS ..........................................................................29iv
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Palakodety, Atmaram. CMOS Active Pixel Sensors for Digital Cameras: Current State-of-the-Art, thesis, May 2007; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3631/m1/5/?rotate=90: accessed April 10, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .