Comparative Analysis of Interrelations Between Democracy and Democratic Policing Practices Page: 32
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can feasibly increase the accountability of the police and the accountability of the
government itself to the public, particularly in crime matters (Windlesham, 1998; Glensor
2000; Gordon 2001).
Research conducted up to this point has not clearly shown whether community
policing and problem-oriented policing contribute to crime reduction. Many sources do
agree, however, that community policing and problem-oriented policing encourage
democratic policing practices in a democracy (Bayley, 1985; Goldstein, 1990; Glensor &
Peak 1996; Stone & Ward, 2000).
Centralization or decentralization? This is one of the most argued points in
democratic policing. Even most of the authors who support civilian oversight totally
agree with the practice of decentralizing police administrations to improve oversight
practices (Goldsmith, 1999; Lewis, 2000; Walker & Luna 2000; Finn, 2001).
None, however, advocates oversight as the only thing that promotes democratic
policing. Looking at their overall views, Lewis (2000), Walker at al. (2000), Goldsmith
(1999), Uildriks and Reenen (2001) admittedly favor centralization at some point as a
means to cope with corruption. In addition to those, as a strong supporter of
centralization, Berkley (1969) specifically stated that a centralized police force, far from
posing a threat to democracy, might actually serve as its safeguard. His research in
several countries led him to the conclusion that centralized police forces can work
effectively to maintain and extend a democratic government. He also remembered that
democratic movements in the United States, such as the Civil Rights Movement, were
made possible by federal intervention in local matters. Perhaps it is possible to benefit32
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Can, Salih Hakan. Comparative Analysis of Interrelations Between Democracy and Democratic Policing Practices, thesis, August 2002; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3263/m1/39/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .