Analyzing Patterns Within Academic and Legal Definitions: a Qualitative Content Analysis of the Term "Cyberbullying" Page: 23
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2008) represents a similar approach to the current study in that it takes a qualitative
approach towards examining students perceptions of an ecological system. However, the
study looks at only one system, and does so from the perspective of the bully, not the
victim.
2.2 Cyberbullying
Current literature on cyberbullying is in its early stages and remains inconclusive.
Due to the relatively recent occurrence of this as a social issue, the scholarly body of
literature is in the early stages, and thus is limited in its scope. For example, Tokunaga
(2010) published a meta-analysis on several cyberbullying studies. This analysis revealed
discrepancies among research methods, findings, and theoretical underpinnings employed
in the field. Specifically, Tokunaga found that there exists a wide variety of operational
definitions for the term "cyberbullying," a problem also recognized by others in the field.
He also spoke about the lack of theory supporting = current research. "Theory neither
guides the hypothesis that [is] derived nor are there faithful attempts made at theory
building in the cyberbullying literature" (pp. 283-284). Tokunaga listed the lack of
longitudinal data as an issue in current literature saying, "Causal relationships in
cyberbullying research are unable to be substantiated through experimental designs.
Instead, longitudinal panel data may be the only hope for making tenuous claims of
causality over time" (p. 285). Finally, he noted the concern that the body of research has
not moved much beyond simple relationships and descriptive research. While this is
difficult to understand, considering the relative immaturity of the field; however, research23
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Winn, Matthew R. Analyzing Patterns Within Academic and Legal Definitions: a Qualitative Content Analysis of the Term "Cyberbullying", dissertation, August 2013; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc283860/m1/24/: accessed March 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .