Comparative Models of the Impact of Social Support on Psychological Distress in Cancer Patients Page: 58
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Social Support. Barrera (1986, 1989) classified three kinds social support
measures: social embeddedness (or structural support), perceived support, and
enacted support. The HRS Wave 1 questionnaire did not include measures of
enacted support. Therefore, two main Social Support factors were expected; one
composed by variables measuring the satisfaction with different social support
sources (Perceived Social Support), and the other composed by variables
measuring the amount of social support received (structural social support).
Structured Social Support variables included: marital status, number of
children living with participant, frequency of contact with children away from
home, presence of relatives and good friends in neighborhood, frequency of
contact with neighborhood friends and relatives, and number of hours spent in
volunteer work. However, an exploratory factor analysis failed to replicate this
theoretical two-factor model. Since questions referring to the Structural Social
Support were only answered by the female participants in any two-person
household, the female's answer was taken as an estimation of the respective
male's Structural Support when the male was the cancer patient. This was done
regardless of the wife having or not having cancer. The number of couples with
both members having cancer was only one in this data set.
Other two- and three-factor structures were attempted, but results did not
fit the data well. Therefore, only variables measuring Perceived (or satisfaction
with) Social Support were included in the model. Contrary to the Structural Social
Support measures, only answered by the female participants, all measures58
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Forjaz, Maria João Bettencourt Pereira. Comparative Models of the Impact of Social Support on Psychological Distress in Cancer Patients, dissertation, May 2000; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2533/m1/66/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .