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I ORIGINAL RESEARCH & CONTRIBUTIONS
Nutritional Update for Physicians: Plant-Based Diets
Philip J Tuso, MD: Mohamed H Ismail, MD: Besjamir P Ha, MID; Carole Bartolotto, MA. RDPerm J l)013 S:rir, 1711L(1: 1-
Abstract
Thue Lobjectlive of this article is to presclt tojlisicials air update on plantl-baseddicrs.
Concerns ablut Ihe rising cost of health care are leing voiced nationwide, even as un-
hIeallhy lifestyles a r cntribu ting o the spread of olsily, diabetes, and cardiovascu la r
ii. ease. For these reasras, physicians c looki ng for cost-eiieclive inrerteni ons to i ripro.v
health I outcomes are becrr irg more invo lved in helpi rig thei r pat ielrits adpl heaIth ier
I ifesryes. Healthy cal ing may be x st achieved wilh a plant-based di el, which we define
as a regimen thai encourages whole, planit-ased ioods and discourages meats, dairy
products, and eggs as well as all relined and procesbed frds. We present a case study
as an eaxamplie of the potential health benefits of suit a dil. Research shows tha plant-
lased diets are cosi-effective, low-risk intervene~ tian s that may lower body mass index,
bl d pressure, HbA,,, and choles ero levels. They may also reduce the nlumbrrer of
niredicalions needed to treat chronic disease and Invwer inchemic hear disease mortality
rates. Physicians should consider recommending a plant-based diet to all their patients,
Uspel .i al Itihti witlh h i ikI), ek presure. tialcus, cardir v ascular iehi ae. or lic , ily.Introduction
In tie 1 tIta) dtc.uUluientail 7.I I' lk i'4,"9i
rtlle Sami ettm it %as rioted [la[c it' you
go wt rbe lhowh in iLe 1, yovu will
v.s erituall"y l ciCrie lrobese.' in lt 1. i[-
rers rex)rted ba to Sin.tiie areas r[le
Ic ucnri[, i[]e t e of ilaensly is 39% aid is
Inicreasi rL.g ac a rate of 5% per -ea r.- R] k.s
Iof il eicy, d]ulkr[e.t , byperrenrion, arid
cardiovascular dlease, alorg wisl thclir
rIsunclg rcc arlcai(atis l(eg. elia'isitlral
I Leall and qualiri-ol-]Lte [prrlem,rs) iler]
Io ]la rtd-i]-] arid and are stringl[y linked
ti LLId'esle S, s]tplially dleary ckhoi .esY
)f allt [Ile dies reL'irrirrded oser [ile
].sc tle\\ decades c [urn rltie de it:' ]'ese
Ironic illnesses. tbe l.s1i but perl1Pis
eas[ co.L. rin mli11 rr ia,, le [ilrise []iat are
:Lcn[ 2 a asd.
Des]ite cLCe s[rrrng lxiy I ti evidence
::tviraing ]ilalc-]ied dLets. inC luding stud-
IL. showing a swiltr~riess id ithe gerLneral
pu blr ci, errt'ace [let,' cmarny pt i.l'lsa rc
.re riotI st.reSLrLg tIle imii]'xrarune it fplarl[-
ased dites as a fir.st-lire treantier torii
tlrn ] I e illn esses. Thirs cb~il I because
t .ick r1 r! ;t.irerle.s rta o i le . die or :Ili k it.I P;-.i II L .IcilI1r ln. l t tl-r. " t ,,.
Nanicmal dieary" guidelines o /1r aCtir e
livt r4 anrd Lealcrl]ul eaing are araiLL le
at ww\w.Clhiur.riyPlate.grs.' A ~ lIcal]
ILeali ul plate of 'udx is 1/2 plan[ ats il
4 riirLasar ily vegetales arid irui[s), 1/-
whiue gracris or LirrLieesued SCar'L ixd,
and 1/4 Leari pLrotiieii
The goal] (il tiLS arciele t c L 10 'i W Tie
e vildetre suplnlL rting iLrcant-I ased diets aidc
iT ]p r]ide a guidelicie tur preseirng ltel: iI
iio ]paetr.s.. We start wnli a Lase. study and
cr includeL wictL a re er i i (hIe ]L[eraiure.
Case Study
. 63--ear-old criari w illi :r toLi[ i f
tl)yfr[er~enisl rt preserved [r hIris ],riIary"
care ],hyisician silb thccmiprlaLnts or ta-
[Lgue,. iriusCea, and iiiuscle cramJpis. Tire
resull (i a random hkx glucose [res
sas 524 i rg/dl.. arid I[IbA, w, ssas 1.1 i%.
Type 2 diale rees was dia..ntrL.sed. I[u.s
[u[ral ,liLrtcstcrc i was -3 rrig/dL, bloird
pressure ra5s 13 l Airrinf lg, and Ix lt"
irass trndex 1(BM ) as 2 kg/inll'. lEi: Wa
making lisiripri 410 nrug daly: livyd xlc'l-
rmilliti l,..;l l ils: anlluduliiit . Su iidel:]l, and alunie t.ii[sL, ._ I111 I t k : I.'.I L. '
As :Ls prescrLIed nCe[t(rtnin, I :KX Irnig i[sCL'
daily,; glipiiide, 5 nig daI: arid 10 uni-
L1 r tutra[l plrmaiiincie laLg.redurin LmUCrin aL
I red.rune. Ilis p ]frI.iianl also ],res Ll .ild
a [iro -sudiurmn. ]ilar-ta. d dLet L[al ex.-
LLudIed all arlurlal pro, ucs and refic ed
suars arid uIniL[d bread. nCe, ]Xia[tules.
and [Lrtl]as [, a single d.ilv 'serving. I [
A.-Ls ads1 ised io rconsulire urlitcIied nun-
lca:rcir vegetalrles, Ir.ulii.e I',. and ltenas,
in addcurn to u]p T 2 rurres cd ruTs and
seeds daily. He was aLso asked To begin
exercising 1 rrninuies i,-ice a day.
Tie patient ssas seen ritrhurillI i i:
frllluLary crLe c]lric. Over a 16-week Ix-
rlr , SL nidiicLarl Lcnprori erircIT in )kinietrirc
u.ltL e r ilLeasures was . obierned. [ie iv,-
inille[ely weanredt otfil a rril lipnrrt.
lihydTrc1]rrnUlrLr.aide, rlii 'Lde, ar;L deu[ral
irliallurite I lae nldo il.sulin. Frllrisw-u]l
Ih]irxxd pressure reimaineI d low 12'/l6i
rnmil Ig, F ,111, iir ed ro :i.3%, and
cical cldolesl]er aft l iprxrsed i t1X 1 g/d[..
l.siropril w as gradually decrwased l 5 i r
dailk and Ls d ialities is cUnritlled will]
Definitions of
Plant-Based Diets
"tie ]res .lted ,'case is a dirr.inn t\-lll
an]ple d ithe elec[ a plani-lased dier can
]ha e on biomietnrienc utcu.crlts Like biYlrd
]Tessi.ure, dialires. andd lilrid p]'rle.. The
reducticin tr [lA11 Ii mrn 11.1% [0 6.3%
in 3 (rn1 ihs i cri ich Ilbener [Irarss ould
I e expScted with rorirT oll T erapy h ci[lrl e[-
Irnirnat or daily exercise." The improi e-
iirelt in b ixidl pressure oilsened tver a
+rurn[it penid xilI r Ierr'e edicatLircs r-1.
also rarely eienucrunered inll .clinial pracice
alid is likely related to a ]Lss-sdiunm dime
and []le avoidance cii reld meal. lBecauLse
hi t,' ;,['nr.r 'wa ;L o 1 i bc l it i d hidl rr1:p. a= ~ .do'co;10.73 12.T~FF -C4S
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Botts, Ken. Meat-Free Meals: Healthy, Sustainable Menu Options, presentation, October 24, 2013; (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc228321/m1/16/: accessed April 23, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting University of North Texas.