Ethnically Mixed Individuals: Cultural Homelessness or Multicultural Integration? Page: 30
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able to self-identify with a group on the basis of a common ethnicity, racially and/or
ethnically mixed individuals may find it more difficult to do so, if unable to integrate
their multicultural experiences. Hall (1980) argued that the source of difficulties for
mixed race individuals lies in the ethnic groups' antagonism, and not necessarily in the
disparity between cultures. However, the different ethnic groups to which the person
partially belongs may have contradictory cultural values, even without the intergroup
friction. This is likely to produce conflict since it forces the individual to make decisions
favoring one set of values over the other; thus, multicultural integration may not be
possible. Inability to identify with any ethnic group may preclude ethnically mixed
individuals from adhering to a consistent set of cultural values; they may be repeatedly
confronted with having to choose and shift (codeswitch) between these conflicting
values. Moreover, CH individuals may also evidence significant advantages which
marginal non-CH individuals may not have, such as cognitive flexibility, ability to
perceive the world from more than one cultural perspective, cross-cultural competence,
etc. (Vivero & Jenkins, 1999a).
Multiethnic individuals may also feel constantly forced to make these decisions in
an attempt to achieve a sense of belonging, or to be accepted by any one group. They
may spend a significant amount of emotional and psychic energy trying to fit into and
adapt to different cultural groups, to attain membership; failure to do so may constitute
the basis of CH. Even if multiethnic individuals feel accepted by one or more groups
they may always have the sense that they are disregarding, forsaking, or violating the
other part(s) of their ethno-cultural heritage (Vivero & Jenkins, 1999a).30
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Navarrete-Vivero, Veronica. Ethnically Mixed Individuals: Cultural Homelessness or Multicultural Integration?, thesis, May 1999; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2179/m1/37/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .