Cardinal Giovanni Battista De Luca: Nepotism in the Seventeenth-century Catholic Church and De Luca's Efforts to Prohibit the Practice Page: 4
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matters. Gallicanism had long been a thorn in the side of the universal church
starting with the Babylonian Captivity of the Church and proceeding through the
Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges of 1438. The French Church and the French King
had a large influence over the universal church, often destructive, and gained
important privileges that made the French Church more independent, subtracting
funds from the universal church. The French were against the reforming decrees
of the Council of Trent, and this made reform more difficult. The model of the
absolutism of the French King was not lost on the Church, however. Because de
Luca was a canon lawyer and an honest man, he supported the privileges of the
French Church that it had gained through time immemorial through legitimate
treaties with the pope. The pope wanted de Luca to support efforts to roll back
French privileges and immunities. This point of contention between de Luca and
the pope seemed to have ended de Luca's career and taken away a premier
reformer.
Chapter 5 demonstrates that money was demanded often for nepotism no
matter what the financial condition of the Church was. After the 1370s the Church
was in debt and the Church sold offices, created the funded debt (monte) and
borrowed money to pay that debt. Some of these financial improprieties were
done to raise revenue for nepotism. Nepotism can be seen to have a pernicious
effect on the rest of the Church. Chapter 6 discusses the extent and forms of
nepotism. From the time of Pope Gelaseus (494), prohibitions had been issued
against popes giving money to their relatives, but these were largely ignored by4
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Cowan, H. Lee. Cardinal Giovanni Battista De Luca: Nepotism in the Seventeenth-century Catholic Church and De Luca's Efforts to Prohibit the Practice, dissertation, August 2012; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc149577/m1/11/: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .