Data Envelopment Analysis: Measurement of Educational Efficiency in Texas Page: 75
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Variables Influencing Efficiency
Prior research has identified both discretionary and non-discretionary variables which
influence school system efficiency. Non-discretionary variables including the percentage of non-
white students, percentage economically disadvantaged students and total student enrollment
figures have been related to the efficiency of schools (Rassouli-Currier, 2007) (Chakraborty,
2009). Previous DEA studies on school systems have determined that higher percentages of non-
white students enrolled negatively effects efficiency (Haveman, 2004) (Rassouli-Currier, 2007)
(Chakraborty, 2009).
Discretionary variables established in research to impact efficiency include the average
number of years of teacher experience and the percentage of teachers who have obtained a
master's degree. These two factors contribute to higher teacher salaries yet have not been
determined to correlate to higher student performance implicating a desecration of funds
(Haveman, 2004) (Ruggiero and Vitaliano, 1999). The average number of students per teacher
ratio has previously been included in DEA efficiency estimation studies (Haveman, 2004)
(Chakraborty, 2009). Preceding studies coupled with state mandates in place for the younger
grade levels, initiated the investigation into the possible effects of teacher-to-student ratio.
To examine the effects of the selected variables on statewide school district efficiency, an
ordinary least squares regression (OLS) was performed. Note in similar studies a Tobit
regression model was additionally considered and yielded clearly similar results (Haveman,
2004). The OLS regression model analyzed the entire samples of 931 school districts. The
selected independent variables for school districts include:
* Total student enrollment = the actual number of students enrolled
* Non-white = the percentage of students enrolled not classified as white75
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Carter, Lacy. Data Envelopment Analysis: Measurement of Educational Efficiency in Texas, dissertation, August 2012; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc149569/m1/84/: accessed April 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .