Surface Machinery and Methods for Oil-Well Pumping Page: 116

                                
116   SURFACE MACHINERY AND METHODS FOR OIL-WELL PUMPING.
CROWN SHEAVES.
The gudgeons of crown sheaves on derricks shall be provided with boxing or
metal straps on top to prevent the sheaves jumping out of bearings.
LADDERS.
Ladders shall be provided on all derricks, extending from the floors to the
water tables as follows:
The stringers shall be of 2-inch by 4-inch sound lumber, or equivalent. The
tops and bottoms of ladder sections shall be fastened to the derrick girts with
bolts. Ladder stringers shall terminate 31 feet above water tables.
The rungs shall be of 1-inch by 4-inch sound lumber, or equivalent, uni-
formly spaced not to exceed 16 inches on centers, and shall be securely fas-
tened to the stringers. The length of the ladder rungs (width of ladder) shall
be not less than 12 inches.
Rungs shall be not less than 4 inches from girts or other derrick members.
Over the ends of the rungs there shall be fastened securely strips of
sound lumber, two-strand galvanized or copper twisted wire, equivalents, of
ample strength and secured so that rungs can not be pulled off.
At no point shall a ladder lean back from the vertical.
CALF-WHEEL TIE RODS.
Every calf-wheel headboard shall be tied to the main sill with an iron or
steel rod not less than 1 inch in diameter.
BULL-WHEEL SPREADERS.
Spreaders placed on a bull-wheel shaft shall be bound to the shaft with cable
or heavy wires and secured so that the spreaders can not fly.
SAFETY BELTS AND LIFE LINES.
Safety belts and life lines shall be provided for and worn by all employees
when working on walking beams and at every other point in a derrick above
the derrick floor.
Steel cable or rod life lines shall be extended from derrick leg to derrick
leg completely around the inside of derricks at all inside platform levels.
These lines shall be strung not lower than 3 feet above platform levels, and
in such fashion that derrick men can easily and readily attach their belt
lines to main life lines at any point, around all sides of derricks.
Safety belts, life lines, cables, rods, and derrick members to which life
lines are made fast shall be strong enough to hold a weight of 200 pounds
falling 10 feet.
Safety belts, life lines, rods, and fittings shall be inspected and tested by
drilling or production foremen, or other competent persons and shall be kept
in good repair at all times.
PIPE HOOKS.
A pipe hook shall be provided for the use of every workman when handling
drill pipe on a derrick floor.
If used above a derrick floor, every pipe hook shall be secured to the der-
rick with a rope in such a manner as to prevent the hook from falling.