Annual Report on the Environment and the Sound Material-Cycle Society in Japan 2007 Page: 45
132 p. : col. ill.View a full description of this text.
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(a) A household of a family consisting of a married couple in their forties and children living in a detached
house
A married couple in their forties has two children and they live in a ten-year-old detached house (of their own) with three
bedrooms.
This family has an air conditioner, electric refrigerator, lighting equipment and gas range, which the family bought at the time
they built the house, as well as a television set, washing machine, electric clothes dryer, warmwater bidet, water heaters, etc., which
the family bought later but is now considering replacing. Suppose the family is going to replace all of those appliances with up-to-
date energy-saving models, and also replace existing window glasses with multiple-layer glasses that have high heat insulation
performance in order to improve air-conditioning efficiency.
The resulting effects are estimated to be more than a two-ton reduction in CO2 emissions per year. This is about a 40% reduction
in emissions when compared to the emissions before the replacement, and is equivalent to a nearly 150,000-yen saving of yearly
utility costs (gas and electricity charges). Furthermore, as a result of the introduction of double-glazed window glasses, the family
will enjoy reduced energy costs for their air conditioner as well as enhanced comfort from the avoidance of condensation nuisance.
(b) A household of a married couple in their sixties living in a detached house
An elderly couple in their sixties lives in a ten-year-old detached house (of their own) with three bedrooms. Although the age and
size of this house are the same as those of house (a) above, the operation hours of electric appliances and lighting equipment are
different between households (a) and (b) due to the difference in their lifestyles.
Suppose this couple is going to replace their air conditioner, electric refrigerator and lighting equipment, as well as an old
television set, washing machine, electric clothes dryer, warmwater bidet and water heater with the latest energy-saving models, and
also replace existing window glass with multiple-layer glass that has high heat-insulation performance in order to improve air-
Figure 3-5-1: Changes in CO2 emissions as a result of the replacement of home appliances for the three households
100
D Gas range
b I I \ D Water heater
80
\\ [ Electric kettle
- Washing machine
60
\ Clothes dryer
0 : 8%. red ""t o Warmwater bidet
40 "-' reduction .
- " n Television set
SElectricrefrigerator
20
= - ~ Lighting equipment
I Air conditioner
Household (a) Household (a) Household (b) Household (b) Household (c) Household (c)
before the after the before the after the before after
replacement replacement replacement replacement marriage marriage
Notel: Calculation method
The reductions in CO2 emission have been based on the estimated yearly reduction in electricity and gas consumption as a result of the replacement. The energy
intensity of 0.378kg-CO2/kWh (*1) for electricity and 2.08kg-CO2/Nm3(*2) for gas are applied. The new products to replace existing products are assumed to be
the latest models with the highest energy-saving performance in the industry as of 2006. Specifically, the new television set is assumed to be a liquid crystal
television, and the new warmwater bidet is assumed to have the instantaneous heating function. The new water heater is assumed to be an electric model with a
natural refrigerant heat pump, replacing a gas-fueled water heater. The new lighting equipment is assumed to consist of inverter-equipped Hf fluorescent lights,
introduced in place of the conventional magnetic fluorescent lights and bulb-type fluorescent lights, replacing incandescent light bulbs.
The assumed electricity/gas consumption before the renewal is based on the industrial data on average general models of the relevant year of production. The
assumed year of production is determined based on the results of the Consumer Confidence Survey conducted by the Cabinet Office on average life of electric home
appliances, etc. Other technical data of electric appliances are based on information from The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association, final
report by the Electric Refrigerator Evaluation Standards Subcommittee, Energy Efficiency Standards Subcommittee of the Advisory Committee on Natural
Resources and Energy, information from Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association, the handbook "Wa-no-Kurashi" (meaning "eco-
life") published by the Ministry of the Environment and the handbook "How to choose and use energy-saving products" published by the Energy Conservation
Center, Japan.(*1) Guidelines for Measurement of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Businesses issued by the Ministry of the Environment (July 2005)
(*2) Emission factor under the system of emissions calculation, reporting and announcement
Note2: The estimations are based on the assumption that the replacement takes place at a reasonable time for renewal. The purchase of the mentioned electric appliances
can be estimated to require one million yen or more, and the renewal of water heater and window glasses is estimated to cost an additional 500,000 yen or so.45
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Japan. Kankyōsho. Annual Report on the Environment and the Sound Material-Cycle Society in Japan 2007, text, 2007; Tokyo, Japan. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc11843/m1/47/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .