Mathematics Anxiety and Mathematics Self-efficacy in Relation to Medication Calculation Performance in Nurses Page: 39
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professional demographics had no significant relationship to any other errors. They suggested
reducing worker fatigue, manufacturer premixed preparations, and pediatric premixed
preparations.
The role of nurses in medication administration errors was investigated by McBride-
Henry and Foureur (2006). They argue that the common practice is to identify the nurse as the
deliverer of unsafe practice because the nurse gives most of the medications and one in five
medication doses are administration errors. They proposed looking at more system-related issues
that may contribute to medication errors. System issues may include patient acuity; available
nursing staff; resources (reference materials); organizational culture, including communication,
routines and reporting of events; and pharmaceutical issues etc (McBride-Henry & Foureur,
2006, p. 35-36). Professional issues involve understanding of how errors occur, failure to adhere
to policies and procedures, number of hours on shift, distractions, lack of knowledge of
medications, dosage calculations, and workload (McBride-Henry & Foureur, 2006, p. 37).
Historically the majority of incidents have not been reported due to fear of the consequences and
the cumbersome nature of the reporting system (McBride-Henry & Foureur, 2006; Milch et al.,
2006; Sheu et al., 2008; Ulanimo et al., 2007). McBride-Henry and Foureur (2006) conclude that
the nursing profession needs to be proactive in changing the system, "throw off the culture of
'blame and shame' and ... actively drive change within both the clinical and research setting" (p.
39).
Morgan et al. (2006) studied the opportunity to improve the practice of medication
administration during a simulated pediatric stabilization event. Thirty emergency nurses (52%
BSN-RN, and 48% ADN-RN, diploma, and LVN) were evaluated (including time to convert
doses and draw up medications) at five steps in the medication administration process. Of the39
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Melius, Joyce. Mathematics Anxiety and Mathematics Self-efficacy in Relation to Medication Calculation Performance in Nurses, dissertation, May 2012; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115119/m1/47/: accessed April 19, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .