Electrostatic Mechanism of Emission Enhancement in Hybrid Metal-semiconductor Light-emitting Heterostructures Page: 2
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emitter with surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) present at a nearby metal-dielectric
interface. These plasmons represent a collective excitation of electrons at the interface
coupled to a photon. For a planar surface, the plasmons can freely propagate along the
interface, and the electric field produced by the plasmon decays exponentially along the
z-axis into both the dielectric and metal layers. For a metallic nanoparticle the plasmons
are confined to the surface of nanoparticle and are known as localized surface
plasmons (LSPs). For an LSP the electric field felt within the dielectric is dependent on
the shape of the nanoparticle and whether the plasmon mode excited is a dipole or
higher-order in nature. This evanescent field allows for interaction of the plasmon with
carriers within the semiconductor.
When the SPP frequency is resonant to carriers within the semiconductor,
coupling between the two significantly alters the recombination rate of carriers. This
enhancement in the recombination rate is due to the Purcell effect [5]. Essentially it
provides another recombination path resulting in a new recombination lifetime:
1 1 1 1
T Trad Tnr Tplasmon (1.2.1)
Since Tplasmon is normally significantly lower than the radiative recombination
lifetime Trad, the overall recombination lifetime is reduced. This decrease in the lifetime
results in an increase of radiative recombinations relative to the number non-radiative
recombinations, and hence an increase in the IQE of the system.
Previous work using SPPs on InGaN/GaN multi-QW systems has shown that
plasmonic coupling can produce a 10x enhancement in the photoluminescence (PL)2
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Llopis, Antonio. Electrostatic Mechanism of Emission Enhancement in Hybrid Metal-semiconductor Light-emitting Heterostructures, dissertation, May 2012; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115113/m1/12/?rotate=270: accessed April 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .