The HGCR-1, a Design Study of a Nuclear Power Station Employing a High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor with Graphite-UO₂ Fuel Elements Page: 54
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Cycle efficiency (gross)
Ideal 40.7%
With heater, mechanical, and heat losses ^40%
Approximate net efficiency (including power for auxiliary 36.5%
equipment and for pumping gas and water)
Power per unit 393 Mw (th)
157 Mw (e)
Details of Steam Generator
Outside shell inside diameter 21.5 ft
Outside diameter of inner insulation 20 ft
Approximate maximum outside diameter of tube bundles 19.2 ft
Insulation thickness 5 in.
Approximate height of shell 54 ft
Tube matrix data for the economizer, boiler, and superheater are given in Table 4. The
design calculations are summarized below, and detailed sample calculations are pre-
sented in Appendix E.
Table 4. Matrix Data
Economizer Boiler Superheater
Length of tubing, ft 26,820 22,830 16,100
Total outside area of tubes, ft2 130,000 90,000 10,000
Height of tube bundles, ft 9.5 9.42 9.03
Tube outside diameter, in. 1.5 1.75 2.375
Fin outside diameter, in. 2.5 2.5 None
Fins per foot 105.6 105.6 None
Transverse pitch, in. 4 4 4
Longitudinal pitch, in. 3 3.5 4.75
CALCULATION OF STEAM GENERATORS AND STEAM CYCLE
A steam outlet temperature of 1050F and a pressure of 1450 psia were chosen that
were based on materials limitations and the last-stage moisture content in the turbine;
an expansion efficiency of 85% was assumed, since no reheat or moisture separation
would be employed. A pinch temperature difference between the gas and the water was
optimized at 800F, as shown in Fig. 18. This optimum occurs at a higher pinch tem-
perature than that of the GCR-2 because, as indicated by the high slope of the gas-
temperature curve through the heat exchanger, there would otherwise be a prohibitively54
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Cottrell, William B.; Copenhaver, C. M.; Culver, H. N.; Fontana, M. H.; Kelleghan, V. J. & Samuels, G. The HGCR-1, a Design Study of a Nuclear Power Station Employing a High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor with Graphite-UO₂ Fuel Elements, report, 1959; Oak Ridge, Tennessee. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc100279/m1/64/: accessed April 24, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.